1. After create your fan page, you can see “invite friend” in your right sidebar.

2. Click on it and tick one by one for each of your friend, but with few thousand contact, it is very time consuming if you tick one by one, and also very memory consuming for your workstation. It might hang halfway in the middle of thousand tick. So how to invite all friend to like my facebook fan page?

After I google around, there are some javascript method which require to paste at your Internet Address bar and hit enter, but there are a risk if this javascript is not performing the correct action as you want, your account might be compromise if the javascript is some malware script. Other then this method, there are another method with Google Chrome browser, just require to install additional extension name “facebook inviter” Once you install, you had additional button name “Toggle All“

3. Do the same as above 1 and 2. after that you can see “toggle all” button, but don’t directly click it because all the friend display in the box is partially of your friend list only, probably 200 or 300, you need to scroll it to your last contact (make sure it is last contact), and click “Toggle All”

4. All your friend selected, and click submit.

5. Lastly, if you wish to get more exposure and likes, look for friend or some one you trusted, who had a lot of friend list as well. Grant him/her admin rights at your fan page and his/her perform the above step. (install facebook inviter, and invite his/her friend)

That all for my method to invite all friend to like my facebook fan page. This method is not that effective if you look for awesome figure of likes in your facebook, you may try facebook ads as a white hat method or buy fake likes in fiverr as a black hat method.

NCCC is a non government organization (NGO) , their vision is to develop a independent mechanism  for consumer with the ability to solve problems in a fair, simple and efficient mediation system, and their mission is function as intermediaries between the government bodies, private sector and consumers in identifying solutions to any complaints.

I had few experience with NCCC previously, one of it is a complaints toward Digi Telecommunucation, after I file a consumer complaints online in NCCC’s website, I never get any respond from NCCC, but I do receive call from DiGi within a month, a special department which handle feedback from NCCC call me to resolve the issue. A credit to DiGi here because they handle customer complaints effectively.

Lately, I had file a complaint in NCCC’s website on Absolute Fitness regarding their unfair services. As you can see above date, approximate 3 week after I make complaints, I receive a carbon copy letter from NCCC to Absolute Fitness. Unfortunately, they do not do a respond before the stated date.

I contact NCCC and ask for the next action, they mention if the respondent do not make respond, mean they actually commit it, what the complainant complaints is the right issue. They will advice consumer to file higher level complaints at Tribunal Consumer Claims, I will write more about Tribunal Consumer Claims proccess shortly after I go through the whole process of the complaints.

For National Consumer Complaints Center, they do offer 3 level of process to the consumer:
1st, they receive complaints from complainant, they will record the complaints, ensure with strong evidents such as IC, company name, and address, after that they will analyst the issue.

2nd. NCCC will direct consumer to the relevant authority, or directly to the claim on behalf of the complainant to the respondent, NCCC will write a letters of complaint to the demands or to negotiate to resolve the complaint is made.

3rd, NCCC will receive respond from respondent, and direct it to the complainant and advice further action to be taken.

As you can see in NCCC’s website, a lot of case study available, from small to medium enterprise, businesses who provide lousy and bad services do receive their penalties and consumer get back their consumer rights. At the same time, also a lot of people who file their complaints and did not get any respond from NCCC. As clarify by NCCC, they lack of resources and some how they will late in process consumer complaints, also if you never receive any letter, mean they contact the respondent directly via phone or related department or by email (Like my DiGi’s complaints which do not get any respond from NCCC)

You can make an e-adual at http://www.nccc.org.my/v2/index.php/e-aduan, remember to provide National Consumer Complaints Center a sufficient information in order for them to process it effectively.

For my self, the deep impression for me is “Pearl Milk Tea” which is the favorite drink for teenager. Other then milk tea, BlackBall had different type of desserts such as smoothies and crushed ice.

Environment in Blackball is nice, suitable for a group of friend to hang out or small discussion between communities.

No need to queue after order at the counter, you will receive this ordering device and back to your seat, enjoy the environment and chit chat with your friend.

When your order is ready, the ordering device will beep and light up, just bring this device to the counter and exchange for your drinks.

One of the BlackBall signature desserts. Hot one as above, while cold one as below.

You may visit their facebook page at fb.com/blackball.my

Pricing wise, is an affordable location for teen and working adult, for environment is good, but it might be a little bit hot if the weather is in warm session, probably they need to put additional air conditioner or huge fan.

Lastly, we also receive 10 complimentary drink from the shop owners. Awesome!

Due to the humidity in our country, seeking comfort in an air-conditioned environment has become an inevitable part of our lives. In fact, majority of us are highly dependent on air-conditioners. With energy consumption reaching absurd heights, however, have you thought about how the world is in fact heating up while you are cooling down with the AC?

Carbon emissions and ozone-depleting chemicals are spiralling into the blue skies, contributing to the smog and acid rain that we breathe in daily. Temperatures around the globe are also either soaring or dropping below average. It not only changes our lifestyles but it is a grave indication of global warming.

The rise of such unhealthy signs should remind all of us to put the environment ahead of our cold comforts and seek alternatives to keep ourselves cool, like using a fan instead. During sunnier days, draw the curtains to prevent the indoors from heating up and at night, it feels good to let the cool breeze waft in and provide better insulation. Let’s remember, a green habit a day will keep the damage away!

My self join Absolute Fitness club  start from middle of October, the reason that I join this fitness center is because it’s branches and location which convenience to me, and also the group fitness class that operate daily. Without much, let me give some of the advantage first (my personal judgement)

Advantage of Absolute Fitness Club
1. Location is convenience, it located at Queenbay mall and also Heritage club which near Pulau Tikus. Al thought my office is near Queenbay mall, due to personal reason, I use to visit Heritage club for my routine exercise. Another will be at Autocity in mainland.

2. 3 branches to participate, member allow to go any of the branches, which also very convenience for people who go after work (eg. Queenbay mall for those who work at factory, and those live at south island, while heritage club suitable for those who live at north island) Unlike other fitness center which only have 1 branch to visit.

3.Unlimited group fitness program to participate, I believe most fitness center offer group class services, and people who like exercise in group with experience instructor worth to attend group class. I personally like to attend group class because the instructor is experience, and it is very effective exercise.

4. Variety of fitness equipment, this is not my main purpose, as my office do own a small gym facility and some of the apartment also provide gym facility as well. But it might be others who like to use the fitness center equipment, and some equipment is also more advance then what we see in normal gym facility.

Disadvantage of Absolute Fitness Club
1. Every branch do own a small cafeteria section which provide member to take a rest and a cup of coffee or tea. Absolute fitness club also provide free flow of water, white coffee and tea (teh tarik), but the facility always out of service, either no water, no tea, or no coffee or while machine no function. Member do complain but no action taken from the management. Also lately, 3 branch’s coffee machine are missing (I believe it spoil at the same time, and bring to maintenance. May be overuse by member, the water dispenser machines also out of service in AutoCity Branch.

2. Once a while the steam bath is out of service, probably member over there do not switch off after using the facility and cause it over heat.

3. Cleanliness is average as the wall are in the bath room are not that clean, and same to the floor in the rest room. While facility wise still acceptable because the cleaner will clean from time to time.

4. No Group Fitness Class during Holiday, this is still acceptable because this is the right for every company to have PH (Public Holiday) which declare by government, but Absolute Fitness take advantage on member and self declare extra holiday with no group class. See the notice below, 27th is Public Holiday and not 27th and 28th.

Usually business who operate on weekday entitle to get a replacement holiday on Monday, and business who operate 7 days a week, once have holiday on the particular day, they are not entitle to have another replacement. At the above notice, Absolute fitness self declare 2 day Holiday while government only declare for 1 day.

If Absolute Fitness conduct group class in Sunday, and they entitle to have replacement on Monday, not both day. Correct me if I am wrong.

5. Poor customer service, Absolute fitness’s website do have a “contact us” page, but no respond after customer provide feed back. Other then this, they own a Facebook fan pages but customer’s respond (if negative) will be deleted and the user who comment will be kick out from the pages.

I comment on morning

While at nite, I see my comment missing, and I not allow to comment after I “re-like” the page. Let me zoom in a little bit for the comment I made.

For no 4. of the disadvantage above, 2 day without group class, Absolute Fitness save some up money to hire external instructor to conduct group class, but I am doubt is their staff who working on 27th and 28th do get “double” pay or not? or just only 27thth as their PH.

As the above disadvantage that I mention, I sincerely hope Absolute Fitness Club able to improve them self, and focus on after sales service because customer voice usually will help a company growth and improve in the future.

[update 19th Dec 2011] on the above screen shoot, it shows “Absolute Fitness practices no group classes during PH (public holiday)”, this is reasonable, but after no class at PH, additional replacement is not acceptable and unfair to the member who already paid for the services.

First the 802.16e standard is an extension of an existing standard, IEEE 802.16a. IEEE 802.20 is an entirely new standard optimized for mobility. 802.16e uses extensions to the MAC and PHY layers from 802.16a, while 802.20 uses new MAC and PHY layer designs. The result of this is that 802.16e-based product will be available well before any 802.20 products are on the market.

Although there is an obvious parallel between the technologies used by both standards and the type of user they are aiming to serve, there is a primary difference between the two. IEEE 802.20 is designed for users traveling at speeds of up to 250Kmh (155 mph), whereas 802.16e is aimed at users traveling at vehicular speed. So someone who is walking and needs broadband access via their PDA or laptop could do so using 802.16e-based technology. On the other hand, a user traveling on a high-speed train would require an 802.20-based product to gain wireless broadband access.

Another key difference is that the 802.16e standard is a last-mile solution. It is aimed at PDA and laptop users and is seen as an extension to existing fixed wireless infrastructure, whereas 802.20 will use adaptive antennas and IP to provide a fully mobile broadband alternative to planned cellular services such as 3G.

A final crucial difference between the two is that 802.16e will operate in the 2 GHz to 6 GHz licensed bands, whereas 802.20 works in licensed bands below 3.5 GHz.

How the standards are being implemented
Prior to ratification of both standards, there are ongoing attempts to implement devices based on them. Siemens has announced that it will develop Flash-OFDM equipment based on a prestandard version of IEEE 802.20. This can be used by wireless operators when they are implementing IEEE 802.20 wireless broadband technology. Using Flash-OFDM equipment enables carriers that don’t have the spectrum to install 3G cellular data services but still control spectrum in the 450 MHz range and utilize 802.20 products. The 450 MHz range was formerly used for analog services.

The first product based on a prestandard version of IEEE 802.16e is called Mobilis. By using Wi-LAN’s patented W-OFDM technology it offers throughput of up to 32Mbps and speeds approaching 110Kmh.

As a Summary of Comparing IEEE 802.16e and IEEE 802.20
Although there appear to be many similarities between IEEE 802.16e and 802.20 – mainly in terms of the architecture they employ and what they are trying to achieve – further examination of the standards shows significant differences between the two. Both standards aim to provide wireless broadband connectivity and both can be used by mobile users. However, 802.20 is aimed at users moving at high speed, whereas 802.16e can be used only by those traveling on foot. There are also additional differences with how each standard is deployed and implemented.

Siemens is developing Flash-OFDM equipment that is based on prestandard 802.20 technologies. The first product to utilize the IEEE 802.16e standard, Mobilis, already exists.

Developing the roadmap
Before a roadmap can be defined, you need to decide what issues it needs to address. This can be determined by examining the policies that senior management have approved and brought into practice. These can include organizational policies such as:

• personnel and physical security
• protection of corporate assets and information
• how employees are hired and their employment terminated
• the responsibilities of employees

You should also consider the security principles behind the system’s design, and how to comply with them. This is generally referred to as the system architecture.

Other areas that should be examined for your roadmap’s requirements include:

• the system life cycle development (SDLC) process
• system acquisition process
• best practices employed for system security
• details on the means for policy and standards approval
• rules for security behavior

You should also examine those documents detailing how policies are written. Additionally, the process for approving these policies needs to be considered to understand how to integrate any future policies securely into a system.

If any of these policies are unclear or nonexistent, you record the approach that you would like implemented instead. This approach is subject to the appropriate approval by the authorizing party.

The information provided by the data you’ve gathered is used to create a layered defense for your system. These policies are implemented, and governed by, utilizing technical, administrative, or physical controls.

Defining specific requirements
The list of internal policies that you have created are gathered and documented as a requirement statement. This is supplemented by using industry practices, government guidelines, and other trustworthy sources to help you break your system into its composite parts. These parts are the requirements of your system that, when implemented, create a layered defense, providing rings of security for your system.

Using the roadmap
The roadmap is tailored to your organization. You can only implement it with the approval of senior management because the roadmap may necessitate organizational change. Therefore, the roadmap needs to be flexible, allowing it to adapt if changes are required.

Besides outlining how to make your system more secure, the roadmap also provides the information required to create a plan of action and milestones (POA&M). The POA&M is used to acquire extra funding, people, or resources to secure the system. It ensures that the system’s schedule proceeds in the correct order.

As a Summaryfor Building a security roadmap
A roadmap outlines your system’s security requirements. It can be created from examining those policies approved by senior management. Policies that are unclear or not yet created need to be outlined and approved by senior management. The policies are gathered and used to create a roadmap’s requirement statement. The requirement statement is used to implement the system and create a layered defense. It must be flexible and approved by senior management.

The FIFO queuing mechanism
FIFO queuing has no classification because all packets belong to the same class. Packets are dropped when the output queue is full – this process is known as tail dropping. The scheduler services packets in the order in which they arrive. The software FIFO queue is basically an extension of the hardware FIFO queue.

Although FIFO queuing might be regarded as the fairest queuing mechanism, it has some significant drawbacks:

• FIFO is extremely unfair when an aggressive flow is contesting with a fragile flow. Aggressive flows send a large number of packets, many of which are dropped. Fragile flows send a modest amount of packets, and most of them are also dropped because the queue is always full due tothe aggressive flow. This type of behavior is called starvation.
• Short or long bursts cause a FIFO queue to fill. Packets entering an almost-full queue have to wait a long time before they can be transmitted. At another time, the queue might be empty,causing packets of the same flow to experience almost no delay. Such variation in delay is called jitter.

In spite of such drawbacks, FIFO is still the most-used queuing mechanism because of the following benefits:

• FIFO is simple and fast. Most high-end routers with fast interfaces are not really affected by problems such as starvation and jitter. Furthermore, routers are not capable of complex classification and scheduling when they have to process a large number of packets per second. FIFO is, therefore, the most suitable queuing mechanism on these router platforms.
• FIFO is supported • on all platforms.
• FIFO queuing is supported in all versions of Cisco IOS.

To enable FIFO, you need to disable WFQ, which is automatically enabled on interfaces with less than 2Mbps of bandwidth.

The WFQ queuing mechanism
WFQ was introduced to address the problems associated with other queuing mechanisms. For example, FIFO queuing causes starvation, delay, and jitter, and the PQ queuing mechanism causes starvation of other lower priority classes and suffers from all the problems associated with FIFO within each of the four queues that it uses for prioritization. CQ causes long delays and also suffers from all of FIFO’s problems within each of the 16 queues that it uses for traffic classification. WFQ was developed to alleviate these problems by

• having a dedicated queue for each flow – this means there is no starvation, delay, or jitter within the queue
• allocating bandwidth fairly and accurately among all flows, which results in minimum scheduling delay and guaranteed service
• using IP precedence as weight when allocating bandwidth

WFQ uses automatic classification, which means that manually defined classes are not supported. WFQ dropping is not a simple tail dropping process. Instead, WFQ drops the packets of the most aggressive flows. The WFQ scheduler is a simulation of a time-division multiplexing (TDM) system. The bandwidth is fairly distributed to all active flows.

WFQ is supported on most Cisco routers, as well as on Versatile Interface Processors (VIPs). The implementation of WFQ on the VIP differs slightly from its implementation on the majority of Cisco platforms. For example, classification identifies a flow and assigns a queue to the flow, and weight is used for scheduling to give proportionately more bandwidth to flows with a higher IP precedence. In addition, the tail-dropping scheme is improved to drop packets of the most aggressive flows.

Advantages and disadvantages of WFQ queuing
WFQ offers a number of advantages over other queuing mechanisms:

• it’s simple to configure, so no manual classification is necessary
• it guarantees throughput to all flows
• it drops the packets of the most aggressive flows
• it’s supported on most platforms
• it’s supported in all IOS versions

Nevertheless, there are also a number of drawbacks associated with WFQ:

• it’s not always possible to have one flow per queue
• it does not allow manual classification
• it cannot provide fixed guarantees
• its classification and scheduling mechanisms are complex

Despite these drawbacks, WFQ is a useful queuing mechanism, and it is automatically enabled on all interfaces that have a default bandwidth of less than 2 Mbps.

As a summary
First-in-first-out (FIFO) and weighted fair queuing (WFQ) are the two main default queuing mechanisms implemented on Cisco routers. Although FIFO is the fairest queuing mechanism, it has some significant drawbacks in that its use can cause the queuing problems known as starvation, delay, and jitter. Despite this, FIFO is the most suitable queuing mechanism for high-end router platforms that aren’t seriously affected by these problems. FIFO is supported on all platforms and all versions of Cisco IOS.

Developed to resolve some of the problems resulting from the use of basic queuing methods such as FIFO, WFQ dynamically divides available bandwidth by a calculation based on the total number of flows and the weight of each given flow. Supported on most platforms and on all versions of Cisco
IOS, WFQ has the advantage of being simple to configure. Other benefits include the ability to drop the packets of the most aggressive flows and to guarantee throughput to all flows. However, WFQ also has a number of drawbacks. It does not allow manual classification and it cannot provide fixed
guarantees. Furthermore, its classification and scheduling mechanisms are complex, and it’s not always possible to have one flow per queue in WFQ.

An external drive or a few of them is essential for backups in the event that your computer’s built-in drive fails, but you may want to consider using them for primary storage. A pair of external drives in a mirrored RAID configuration allows you to move your data off of your computer’s built-in drive, which may be necessary as your library continually expands. If you’re capturing HD video along with still images, you know how quickly the gigabytes add up.

Drives like those featured here offer big capacities, much larger than what most computers typically include, so you’ll be able to back up all of your important flies with room

Let’s see few type of External Storage available in the market

Apple Technology
For Mac users, Apple’s Time Capsule is designed to work seamlessly with Apple’s Time Machine software (part of OS X Leopard, Snow Leopard and Lion) for automatic, wireless backups of your data. One nice feature of Time Capsule is that it doubles as an 802.lln Wi-Fl router. All of the Mac computers on your network can back up to the device, and can share the Time Capsule as a network drive. It also includes a USB port that allows you to share a printer or an additional external drive. Estimated Price: $299 (2 TB); $499 (3 TB).

Buffalo Technology
Buffalo Technology’s CloudStor drive makes your files available wherever you have an Internet connection, even from mobile devices, through a secure and simple interface. The base model CloudStor has two drive bays, and includes one I TB drive in a design that makes it easy to add a second drive for RAID data mirroring. CloudStor is also available in a version with one 2 TB drive. Both models offer USB 2.0 and Ethernet connections. Estimated Price: $129 (I TB); $169 (2 TB).

Drobo Technology
Drobo is an expandable storage system that can easily grow along with your library. What’s different about Drobo is that it doesn’t include any drives, so you can determine the capacity you need to start and add drives over time. The base model 4-bay Drobo is probably the best choice for most photographers. This model currently supports drives up to 2 TB, but a firmware update coming later this year will support 3 TB drives, and the company plans to continue to support larger drives as they become available. Drobo connects via FireWire 800 and USB 2.0. Estimated Price: $399 (without drives).

G-Tech Technology
Now available in capacities up to 3 TB, G-Tech’s G-Safe is a dual-drive mirrored RAID system. G-Safe comes ready to use with two fast 7200 RPM drives that are hot-swappable, meaning you replace the drives without powering down, handy if you want to take a drive with you for the added security of off-site storage. G-Safe offers three connection options: FireWire 800, USB 2.0 and eSATA. An LCD displays system status. Estimated Price: $399 (I TB); $549 (2 TB); $699 (3 TB).

Lacie Technology
LaCie’s 2big Quadra is a 2-bay RAID-ready backup solution in capacities up to 6 TB (3 TB if you use it as a mirrored RAID). It offers four ways to connect: eSATA, FireWire 400 and 800, and USB 2.0. It includes backup software for Windows, and is Time Machine- compatible for Mac users. The 2big Quadra also can be configured in a Mixed Partition mode, which allows you to use part of the system’s capacity for mirrored RAID back ups while using the remaining space for files you don’t need to back up. Estimated Price: $299 (2 TB); $419 (4 TB); $549 (6 TB).

Seagate Technology
The GoFlex Desk from Seagate is uniquely upgradeable: the connection port is located in a removable, swappable base. So if your A SEAGATE current computer has only USB 2.0, but your next has FireWire, you can simply swap out the base and take advantage of faster transfer rates. Available in capacities up to 4 TB, GoFlex Desk is compatible with Windows and Mac, and includes backup software. An illuminated capacity gauge makes it easy to monitor how much free space remains. Estimated Price: $109 (I TB); $129 (2 TB); $199 (3 TB), $249 (4 TB).

Western Digital Technology
My Book Live from Western Digital is another Internet-connected option if you’d like to access your files remotely. Just connect My Book Live to your wireless router via Ethernet and you can back up all the computers in your home. Your photos and other media are available wherever you’re online, including Android and Apple iOS devices. It also can stream media to DLNA devices like Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 or compatible HDTV5. My Book Live works with Apple Time Machine, and also comes with automatic backup software for Windows users. Estimated Price: $149 (I TB); $199 (2 TB); $249 (3 TB). DP

Four main standards bodies are associated with ATM standards. The international bodies are the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Forum and the United Nations agency, the International Telecommunications Union, Telecommunications Standardization Sector (ITU-T). The regional bodies are the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).

The ATM forum leads the way in developing and rolling out ATM standards. A group of manufacturers created this forum to ensure the rapid progress of the ATM standardization process, and it wanted to advertise ATM capability. This group is also active in drawing up solutions for the problems and challenges generated in ATM application.

International bodies

The ATM forum is divided into the

• Technical Committee, This committee comprises principal members of the forum, and it is responsible for the development of technical standards.
• Market Awareness and Education (MA&E) Committee – This committee comprises principal members, and it is responsible for educational material, press releases, and other related presentations that raise awareness of ATM capabilities in the telecommunications market.
• End-User Roundtable (ENR) – This committee comprises user members, and it is responsible for developing an understanding of user requirements for ATM.

You can contact the ATM forum via their official web site at http://www.atmforum.com/.

The ATM forum promotes short-term, practical solutions for equipment manufacturers, the Internet, and private ATM networks. In contrast, the ITU-T promotes long-term, robust standards for public networks.

However, many of the ITU-T standards are similar or identical to those of the ATM forum. The ITU-T often publishes the standards of the ATM forum up to two years after their release.

You can contact the ITU-T via their official web site address http://www.itu.int/home/index.html.

Regional bodies
The influential regional bodies – ANSI and ETSI – don’t focus exclusively on ATM standards, and they tend to base their output on information that the ATM forum publishes. ANSI’s T1 committee contributes to the development of ATM standards, and it adapts ITUT standards to U.S. market environments and to the transmission equipment that dominates North America. ETSI provides telecommunication standards for European countries. Its standards emerge as European Telecommunications Standards (ETS) that define functionality, interfaces, and telecommunications protocols. Or they emerge as normes Europeennes de telecommunications (NETS) standards that are mandatory for the approval of network terminal equipment. ETSI also produces technical reports that provide technical guidelines for network design and maintenance.

The official web site address for the ANSI T1 committee on telecommunications standards is http://www.t1.org/. The official web site address for the ETSI telecommunications standards body is http://www.etsi.org/.

Standards
ATM standards can be confusing because several bodies generate standards, later standards may contradict earlier versions, the standards are littered with acronyms, and the different standards bodies may use different terms to refer to the same thing. A further complication is that ITU-T standards are typically published later than those of the ATM forum.

However, you can categorize the standards according to type or function. For example, in the ITU-T standards the

• I series of standards relates to the architecture and functionality ofIntegrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN) and to the interfaces and protocols relating to these networks
• G series of standards defines transmission systems and media
• Q series defines signaling and the protocols used between devices to manage and control the network

Some useful standards to use when you begin to go through the ATM standards include the ITU-T I.113, I.121, I.150, I.211, I.311, I.361, and I.363.

Other useful standards are listed by category show below:

As a summary,
The four main bodies associated with Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) standards are the ATM forum, the International Telecommunications Union – Telecommunications Standardization Sector (ITU-T), the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).

Because the ATM standards can be complicated and confusing, you should have a good grounding in ATM technologies before going through the standards, and you need to structure your readings of the standards carefully.